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Gemellus superior / inferior

Muscle origin
Ischial spine (superior) and Ischial tuberosity (inferior)

Muscle insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur via the tendon of obturator internus.

Muscle function
Hip external rotation, hip abduction when hip is flexed.

Nerve innervation
L5-S1 (Lovett reactor C1)

Primary muscle type
Tonic / Type I (60-70%)

Myofascial lines

  • None

Primary inhibatory muscles

Related joints

  • Hip joint
Superior part
Client is prone along the edge of the table. The test knee is placed in a 90 deg angle and dropped over the side into a 30deg hip flexion so that the ankle aligns with the edge of the table. Stabilize the pelvis with one hand and the knee with the body and then apply pressure towards hip internal rotation by trying to pull the ankle away from the table.
Inferior part
Client is prone along the edge of the table. The test knee is placed in a 90 deg angle and dropped over the side into a 15deg hip flexion. Stabilize the pelvis with one hand and the knee with the body and then apply pressure towards hip internal rotation by trying to pull the ankle out to the side

Functional anatomy for

Gemellus superior / inferior

Organ relationship (T1-L2 , Sacrum, n. Vagus)

  • Heart (AK)
    • Symp – T1-6 (Cardiac plexus)
    • Parasymp – CX (Vagus)
  • Lung (AK)
    • Symp – T2-T6 (Pulmonary plexus)
    • Parasymp – CX (Vagus)
  • Large intestine (FA)
    • Symp – T10-L2 (Mesenteric and Hypogastric plexus)
    • Parasymp – CX (Vagus) and S2-S4 (Sacral plexus)
  • Bladder (FA)
    • Symp – T10-L2 (Inferior Hypogastric plexus)
    • Parasymp – S2-4 (Sacral plexus)
  • Reproductive organs (FA/AK)
    • Symp – T10-L2 (Inferior Hypogastric, Ovarian and Testicular plexus)
    • Parasymp – S2-4 (Sacral plexus)

Associated muscles

Release exercises

Corrective strength exercises

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